POTENSI BUAH NAGA MERAH SEBAGAI ANTI DIABETES DAN PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN: SEBUAH TINJAUAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58184/miki.v2i3.349Keywords:
antioksidan, buah naga merah, diabetes mellitus, komponen bioaktifAbstract
Diabetes Mellitus terus menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang sering dihadapi baik secara global maupun di Indonesia. Diabetes mellitus merupakan gangguan fisiologis yang dicirikan oleh tingkat glukosa darah yang tinggi akibat resistansi insulin, produksi insulin yang kurang memadai, atau sekresi glukagon yang berlebihan. Selain diabetes mellitus, penyakit hiperlipidemia dan stres oksidatif juga masih menjadi masalah yang ada di masyarakat. Buah naga merah merupakan buah lokal yang kaya akan kandungan gizi dan senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Baik daging buah maupun kulit pada buah naga merah mengandung tinggi kandungan gizi dan senyawa bioaktif. Buah naga merah kaya akan serat pangan, vitamin C, kalium, fosfor, magnesium, dan natrium. Buah naga merah juga kaya akan senyawa bioaktif, seperti total flavonoid, total fenol, dan betasianin, dalam jumlah yang tinggi. Beberapa hasil percobaan dengan menggunakan tikus menunjukkan bahwa kandungan betalains pada buah naga merah dapat berperan dalam kontrol diabetes dengan meningkatkan jumlah sel yang memproduksi insulin. Konsumsi buah naga merah juga berperan dalam antilipidemia dengan menurunkan kadar KT, LDL-K, TGA, dan meningkatkan HDL-K. Selain itu, kandungan bioaktif pada buah naga merah juga berperan mencegah terjadinya stres oksidatif. Kandungan betasianin pada buah naga merah tidak hanya berperan dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan, tetapi juga sebagai pewarna alami pada makanan.
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